Blog Post

Dry Skin

  • by Nikki Grant
  • 08 Jun, 2023

One of our most common foot complaints

Dry skin and cracked heels are one of the most common foot complaints we see in clinic year round. We often see the dry, cracked heels coming out at sandal season.

Dry skin is a symptom not a diagnosis. There can be many physiological and environmental factors that can affect your skins integrity. But why is it so important to have healthy skin? What does our skin do?

What does skin do?

The skin is the largest organ in our body and arguably one of our most important. Our skin keeps the outside out and the inside in. Skin is a layer of protection from allergens, bacteria, ultra-violet light irritants etc, getting into our bodies. The skin also keeps our blood, muscles, ligaments, organs etc inside our bodies.

What can be some of the causes of dry skin ?

Environmental 
  • Age
  • Hormonal changes
  • Soaps, bubble baths and shower gels
  • Soaking the skin
  • Insufficient rinsing of the ski bathing
  • Vigorous drying
  • Over bathing
  • Temperature and humidity
  • Sun exposure
Pathological
  • Eczema, psoriasis
  • Skin infection
  • Peripheral Vascular Disease
  • Iron deficiency anaemia
  • Diabetes
  • Thyroid disease
  • Anorexia

What can we do to treat dry skin?

Using emollients are the best way to treat dry skin. Emollients are used to soften the skin. There are different types of emollients which work in a variety of ways to to treat the skin. They can be in the form of creams, gels and ointments.

What are the benefits of emollients?

Emollients help to moisturise, reduce inflammation, reduction of hyperkeratosis (excessive dry skin), restores skin barrier and works in an anti-inflammatory action. 

What type of emollient should you use?

The best emollient to use the is the one that you like and will use regularly. Emollients come in many shapes and forms including; creams, ointments, gels, lotions and sprays. They can also come in the form of soap substitutes to be used when washing, bathing or showering.

For the feet, we find that urea based products are best. Urea is a body's waste product which is renowned for moisturising and exfoliating, hence why it is so useful for dry skin on feet. Some of our favourite products such as CCS and Flexitol, all contain urea.

How to apply an emollient to your feet

1. Your emollient should be applied at least once a day.

2. It is best to apply emollients to the feet after bathing.

3. If your skin is dry you want to apply 4 Finger Tip Units (FTU) per foot per day. If your skin is very dry, you want to apply 8 Finger Tip Units per day per foot. This is measurement is shown in the picture below. A cream with a pump dispenser can be useful as it normally gives you a measured amount of emollient. 

4. If your skin is excessively dry or nips after application, it can be useful to put on a damp sock after application.


Any safety considerations when applying emollients?


Decanting – Just like using any multi-use product, caution should be used when putting hands in emollient pots repeatedly. A spoon or spatula to take out the required amount of product; this will reduce the risk of contamination causing infections.

Falls risk – People should take care when entering and leaving the bath or shower if emollients have been used, due to the risk of slipping. Regular use of emollients at home or in care environments increases this risk because there will be a build-up of grease on the floor or bathroom facilities unless preventive measures are taken. The floor should be protected with a towel or bathmat; after using the emollient, the bath or shower should be washed with hot water and liquid soap then rinsed well and dried with paper towels.

Fire – People should keep away from fire, flames and cigarettes when using any type of emollient (whether paraffin-based or not), as dressings, clothing and bedding that have been in contact with an emollient can easily catch fire. Even emollients with low or no paraffin content can act as accelerants in flammable and combustible fabrics, and these fires burn at higher temperatures. Washing fabrics at high temperatures may reduce the build-up of emollients, but does not remove them entirely. When fabric with dried-on cream comes into contact with a naked flame, the resulting fire burns quickly and intensely, and can cause serious injury or death. This risk increases with every application of the cream, as it transfers, dries and builds up on the fabric. Some cream remains even when items are washed, so it’s important to minimise the risk in additional ways, such as removing long-sleeved/loose clothing before cooking or using a safety lighter. (Medical and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, 2020)

Oxygen therapy – patients receiving oxygen therapy should be prescribed non-paraffin-based emollients and advised to take particular care about fire risk.

Extract from Nursing Times [online] November 2020 / Vol 116 Issue 11

https://cdn.ps.emap.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/10/201028-Selecting-and-applying-emollients-...

Allergy  - Monitoring the skin for any signs of allergic reaction- redness, itching and blistering. If this occurs gently wash the skin with cool water and contact a health professional if concerned. Take the cream you used with you, so they are able to see the ingredients it contains.


If you have any questions about dry skin, or about emollient use, please contact us on 01324 621809 or 01506 826286, to make an appointment.

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So what can we do to help protect our skin and prevent skin cancer?
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